AC M6B Support the health and wellbeing of individuals in a care setting

1.1 Explain the relationship between identity, self-image and self-esteem, and the impact on an individual’s wellbeing

Understanding the interaction between identity, self-image, and self-esteem is crucial as these components significantly influence an individual’s overall well-being, particularly within the context of social care environments. This becomes especially relevant when considering individuals accessing support services where personal dignity and quality of life are paramount.

Identity is essentially how one views oneself in relation to the world – a narrative constructed from personal experiences and societal interactions (Erikson, 1968). This concept extends beyond mere role identification; it is deeply embedded in our values, beliefs, and perceived responsibilities.

Self-image or self-concept reflects one’s evaluation of this ‘self’ against various social criteria; it is how we see our skills, appearance, successes, and failures (Rosenberg, 1979). Self-esteem follows as a largely emotional judgment of one’s own worth derived from these assessments (Branden, 1994).

The relationship among these constructs reveals complex dynamics but can be summarised simply: Identity shapes self-image which affects self-esteem. If someone possesses robust confidence aligned with their internal belief system —as frequently seen with positive reinforcement— they are likely to exhibit healthier behaviour patterns contributing positively to personal achievements and interaction qualities.

Conversely, disruptions or negativity in any component could push an individual into emotionally challenging positions thereby affecting mental health. For instance, if external circumstances force a reassessment of identity that contradicts existing self-image—such as losing a job at a late-career stage—it could spiral into low self-esteem due to perceived failure or decreased usefulness leading to serious repercussions for physical health and emotional well-being.

The Care Act 2014 outlines principles that correlate directly with safeguarding each aspect’s healthy development through ensuring participation in community activities like education or work which build on acknowledging individual contributions, thus, augmenting both identity strength and self-worth perceptions (Legislation.gov.uk, 2014).

In practice, considerations for professionals include creating respectful interactions that empower control over one’s decisions concerning care approaches—an exercise vital for nurturing favourable self-concepts leading again towards comprehensive wellbeing-support structures.

1.2 Explain how a range of factors have a positive and negative influence on individuals’ wellbeing

Understanding the factors that influence an individual’s well-being involves looking at various dimensions—environmental, physical, social, and psychological. These elements can have both positive and negative impacts.

Environmental Factors: The environment plays a crucial role in shaping one’s well-being. Clean air, green spaces, and safe neighbourhoods contribute positively by providing a nurturing atmosphere (Evans & Kantrowitz, 2002). Conversely, polluted environments or unsafe living conditions can be detrimental to health (Brunekreef & Holgate, 2002). For example, people exposed to high pollution levels may suffer from respiratory issues which negatively affect their overall quality of life.

Physical Factors: Physical health significantly influences well-being. Regular exercise boosts mental health by reducing anxiety and depression symptoms (Biddle et al., 2015). However, chronic illnesses or disabilities pose challenges that might hinder activities of daily living and lead to feelings of frustration or helplessness (Stuifbergen et al., 2006).

Social Factors: Social interactions are vital for emotional support and happiness. Strong relationships with family and friends provide a sense of belonging which promotes mental wellness (Cohen & Wills, 1985). On the other hand, social isolation can result in loneliness—a factor strongly linked to depression (Holt-Lunstad et al., 2010).

Psychological Factors: Mental attitudes such as optimism vs pessimism impact how individuals respond to life’s challenges. Optimistic people tend not only to cope better but also recover faster from setbacks compared to their pessimistic counterparts who dwell on negative aspects more frequently (Carver et al.,1993).

In conclusion, environmental settings offer either sanctuary or threat; our bodies’ state signals vitality or deprival; human connections foster joy while solitude seeds despair; finally—it’s often our mind’s lens deciding whether we see half-empty cups spilling over blessings already brimming above brimless bounds beyond boundlessness itself!

1.3 Describe how to access a range of services and resources available to support individuals’ wellbeing

Accessing a range of services and resources that support individual wellbeing can oftentimes feel overwhelming. However, various options are available within organisations as well as externally (Kinkade & Verclas, 2008). To provide optimal support, the first step involves gaining an awareness of the specific well-being strengths and needs of the individuals targeted for support. Naturally, these will vary from person to person given everyone’s unique qualities.

Organisational resources might include Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) that offer counselling services or wellness initiatives (Rasheed & Aslam, 2016). Many organisations have internal communication programmes where employees can share their concerns anonymously if need be. Moreover, several companies have started prioritising mental health and therefore appoint certified counsellors within workplace environments who provide assistance to staff members struggling with stress management or life challenges (Lomas et al., 2017).

Externally too, there is a plethora of support existing in different forms such as self-help groups which create supportive peer-to-peer networks allowing people with similar experiences to connect. These could include Alcoholics Anonymous or cancer survivorship support groups among others. The emphasis on shared experiences often makes them particularly beneficial resources for supporting well-being (White & Cloud, 2008).

Digital tools also play an enormous role in this age like never before; thus online platforms offering a variety of mental wellbeing plugins stand front row today from meditation apps such as Headspace or Calm to digital CBT courses like Moodgym being excellent examples. Online forums like Mental Health Forum provide users the opportunity to converse about their situations while accessing knowledgeable public advice regarding certain conditions they may be handling (Wallin et al., 2020).

Finally yet importantly are professionals themselves – psychologists for therapies and psychiatrists when medication becomes a necessary aspect of treatment plans to balance out neurochemical imbalances associated with conditions such as depression or bipolar disorder.

Accessing these resources begins by identifying what aspects require focused attention (Chisholm et al., 2016). Sometimes, that might involve seeking input from a healthcare or social services professional able to conduct thorough behavioural health assessments with validated measures. Thus, collaborative efforts make this process vastly effective in terms of acceptance and sustainability.

1.4 Explain how an individual’s wellbeing may affect their behaviours and relationships

An individual’s well-being is dependent on their physical, emotional, and relational health. The interplay of these factors can profoundly shape a person’s behaviour and relationships (Keyes, 2007). Thus, understanding the influence of well-being on one’s actions and connections is vital.

Physically, when an individual does not feel well or their wellness is compromised due to illness or lack of sleep they are prone to be less productive at work or may experience lapses in cognitive functioning (Grandner et al., 2015). This likely leads them towards expressing irritability towards friends, family members and colleagues as the body leverages its limited resources. Poor physical health catalyses behavioural changes; for example, suffering from chronic pain might lead a person to withdraw from social activities.

Emotionally, poor mental health often breeds negative tendencies affecting personal interactions (Druss et al., 2016). Anxiety may breed over-caution or impulsivity in decision-making while depression might induce detachment and loss of interest within relationships – aspects that could hinder communication processes. Furthermore, behaviours like excessive worrying can lead to strained friendships since continuous reassurance becomes taxing for others.

Socially, when under stress individuals tend to become unresponsive or even aggressive; impairing crucial social exchanges (Repetti et al., 2002) this circumstantially imposed change impairs critical relationship-building needs such as empathy thus negatively impacting interpersonal associations.

In essence, it should be reiterated that one’s overall sense of well-being has significant impacts on how he/she interacts with others. It shapes personality traits, drawing conclusions on how individuals perceive their surroundings and react accordingly within different scenarios thereby giving us insights into their personas(Bradley & Corwyn, 2004).

Behavioural changes linked to deterioration in wellness could also be cues for loved ones or professionals advocating necessary interventions (Findlay & Cooper, 1983).

Variability in an individual’s well-being can be viewed based on the emotional, physical and relational health levels, significantly contributing to their behavioural patterns and relationship management strategies. Therefore, addressing this link plays a crucial role not only for individuals but also societies in cultivating healthier inter-personal interactions, optimising societal functioning.

2.1 Explain how to engage and involve individuals in monitoring their own health and wellbeing

Engaging and involving individuals in monitoring their own health and well-being can be a transformative approach. Such empowerment begins with education; by providing clear, accessible information about health conditions, treatments, and lifestyle choices. Hibbard and Greene (2013) highlight the positive impact that informed service users have on their own care outcomes.

Active participation is equally crucial. Digital tools like mobile apps or online platforms for tracking physical activity, diet, and medication adherence fuel this self-monitoring revolution. Fukuoka et al. (2011) found that participants using pedometer-based walking programs showcased increased physical activity levels, indicating technology’s potential role in enhancing personal health engagement.

Another element is goal setting which entails collaboratively creating realistic, achievable health goals tailored to individual circumstances—a strategy endorsed by Prochaska and DiClemente’s (1983) Transtheoretical Model of Change. This model underlines the importance of recognising an individual’s stage of readiness to alter behaviours affecting their well-being.

Communication must be prioritised so individuals feel comfortable sharing concerns and achievements with healthcare providers regularly—ideally through a two-way communication channel that allows real-time feedback. Such interactions are essential according to Coulter et al.’s (2017) findings which suggest that ongoing dialogue supports sustained self-management.

Lastly, fostering a sense of community through support groups can significantly contribute to motivation as Berkman et al.’s work on social networks (2000) demonstrates links between robust social ties and improved health prospects.

2.2 Describe early indicators of physical and mental health deterioration

Care professionals stress that early detection of physical and mental health deterioration is vital for timely intervention. Often subtle, these signs—termed ‘soft signs’—should never be dismissed as insignificant.

Restlessness stands out prominently as an indicator often reflecting discomfort or distress, potentially signalling an underlying acute medical issue (Edwards, 2017). Similarly, confusion might suggest cognitive decline or delirium associated with various conditions including infections or metabolic imbalances. It’s crucial to monitor these symptoms carefully.

Temperature changes, whether a fever or hypothermia, can flag systemic infections or hormonal disturbances. Meanwhile, variations in mobility could hint at musculoskeletal disorders or neurologic impairments. Pain is another critical signal that needs immediate assessment.

Discoloration of the skin may reveal circulatory problems or tissue injury. For example, pallor might indicate anaemia whereas cyanosis suggests respiratory impairment.

Changes in appetite often precede nutritional deficiencies and metabolic dysfunctions. Breathing difficulties should always trigger an alert since they can rapidly evolve into life-threatening states like asthma attacks or pulmonary embolisms.

Alarmingly overlooked are alterations to urine or bowel habits—which can unveil renal disease to gastrointestinal issues—and sickness which includes symptoms from nausea to vomiting indicating anything from medication side-effects to toxic ingestions.

Lastly, modifications in mood or temperament must not be underestimated; they could reflect a spectrum ranging from depression to altered mental states due to systemic diseases (Greenwood & Kendrick, 2022).

2.3 Describe how and who to escalate concerns about an individual’s health deterioration

As professionals, we must identify signs of health deterioration in individuals in our charge, respond appropriately to such changes, and promptly escalate concerns. Often, this requires keen observation skills as subtle shifts may be indicative of more profound problems (World Health Organization [WHO], 2021).

A key step is monitoring for signs of degradation such as decreased levels of activity or appetite, sudden weight loss or gain, behavioural changes like lethargy or irritability and alterations in vital statistics including blood pressure and temperature variations (National Institute on Aging [NIA], 2018). Regular interaction helps us discern deviations from normal behaviour patterns.

If we observe any change that could suggest deteriorating health conditions increasing over time, we should first record those observations systematically. Detailing included timescales over which changes occurred can aid healthcare professionals’ follow-up investigations immensely.

On identifying red flags about a person’s well-being, the next step involves escalating concerns. Effective communication becomes critical here.

It may be most apt to report directly to a supervising nurse or doctor who can probe further into the matter. Simultaneously, it’s crucial to communicate these concerns with relevant family members so they are aware too (Department of Health & Social Care [DHSC], UK Government).

We must always be conscientious regarding conveying issues, keeping privacy laws in mind; confidentiality must not be breached during these exchanges.

References

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• Fukuoka Y., Lindgren TG., Rankin SH., Cooper BA., Carroll DL.. Cluster randomized controlled trial testing mobile phone interventions designed to increase walking postpartum women.: Res Nurs Health 2012 Aug;35(4):334-48.
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• Erikson, E.H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. Norton & Co.
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Reflective Account:

• 3.1 Engage and involve individuals in understanding and monitoring their health and wellbeing

• 3.2 Demonstrate use of appropriate tools to monitor and report changes in health and wellbeing

• 3.3 Record observations of health and wellbeing and take appropriate action

• 4.1 Support an individual in a way that promotes their sense of identity, self-image and self-esteem

• 4.2 Demonstrate ways to contribute to an environment that promotes wellbeing

• 4.3 Apply person-centred approaches when working with individuals and others to improve health and wellbeing

Reflective Account on Engaging and Monitoring Health and Wellbeing

Introduction

In my recent placement at a local health and social care facility, I had the opportunity to engage directly with individuals to support and monitor their health and wellbeing. Reflecting on this experience using Gibbs’ Reflective Cycle, I will explore how I involved individuals in understanding their health, utilised appropriate monitoring tools, recorded observations, and promoted a positive sense of identity and wellbeing through person-centred approaches.

Description

During one of my shifts, I worked with Mr. Smith (pseudonym), a 72-year-old patient with diabetes and mild cognitive impairment. My role was to assist him in understanding his health status and help him monitor changes in his well-being. This involved using tools like glucose meters and maintaining detailed records of his health metrics. Additionally, I aimed to support his self-esteem and promote a supportive environment.

Feelings

Initially, I felt somewhat anxious about my ability to communicate effectively with Mr. Smith, given his cognitive challenges. However, I was also eager to learn and make a positive impact on his health. As I interacted with him, my confidence grew, and I felt a sense of accomplishment when I saw improvements in his engagement and understanding of his health condition.

Evaluation

Engaging Mr. Smith in monitoring his health was initially challenging due to his cognitive impairment. However, using simplified explanations and visual aids, such as charts to track his glucose levels, proved effective. He became more interested in understanding his condition and more cooperative in following his treatment plan. Recording and reporting changes in his health using standardised tools ensured accurate communication with the rest of the care team, which was crucial for his ongoing treatment.

However, I realised that I could have involved Mr. Smith’s family more in the process, as they play a significant role in his daily care and could reinforce the information and practices I introduced.

Analysis

Involving individuals like Mr. Smith in their health care is essential for promoting autonomy and self-management. Using appropriate tools, such as glucose meters, allows for precise monitoring and timely adjustments to his treatment. Recording these observations meticulously ensured that any changes in his health were promptly addressed.

Supporting Mr. Smith’s identity and self-esteem was achieved by recognising his achievements, no matter how small, and encouraging his participation in his care. Creating an environment that promotes wellbeing involves not just physical health, but also emotional and social needs.

Conclusion

This experience highlighted the importance of clear communication and the use of visual aids in engaging individuals with cognitive impairments. It also reinforced the necessity of accurate record-keeping and the value of a holistic approach in promoting overall well-being. In future, I will ensure to involve family members more actively to create a more comprehensive support network for individuals like Mr. Smith.

Action Plan

Going forward, I will:

• Continue using visual aids and simplified communication strategies to enhance understanding and engagement.
• Involve family members more in the monitoring and care process.
• Maintain detailed and accurate health records to ensure continuity of care.
• Focus on promoting a supportive environment that addresses both physical and emotional needs of individuals.

Application of Person-Centred Approaches

By adopting a person-centred approach, I ensured that Mr. Smith felt valued and respected. I focused on his individual needs and preferences, which enhanced his sense of identity and self-esteem. Encouraging his active participation in health monitoring helped him feel more in control and empowered.

This reflective account underscores the critical importance of engaging individuals in their health care, using appropriate tools, and fostering a supportive environment. By reflecting on and learning from my experiences, I can continually improve my practice and contribute more effectively to the well-being of those I support.