Task 1 of 2
For this task, you are employed as an adviser to a team of Health Care Managers. You are required to prepare a training resource for practitioners that includes the following:
1. Details of the concepts of:
- Safeguarding
- Protection
The terms safeguarding and protection are often used interchangeably, but they actually refer to two different concepts. Safeguarding refers to the proactive measures taken to protect people from harm, while protection refers to the reactive measures taken after someone may have already been harmed.
According to the National Association for People Abused in Childhood (NAPAC), “Safeguarding is about preventing harm. Protection is about stopping further harm once it has happened” (2017). Safeguarding measures are designed to protect people from becoming victims of abuse, while protection measures are designed to help those who have already been exposed to risks.
Safeguarding measures can include things like background checks for employees who will be working with vulnerable populations, setting up security cameras in public areas, or providing training on how to identify and report potential abuse. Protection measures might include things like providing counselling services for victims of abuse or installing panic buttons in homes or workplaces.
The Care Act (2014) outlines the safeguarding responsibilities of organisations and sets out guidance on how to identify and respond to risks. The Act also requires organisations to have procedures in place for reporting concerns about abuse or neglect. These procedures should include provisions for both safeguarding and protection measures.
Both safeguarding and protection are important for keeping people safe from harm. However, it is usually easier and more effective to prevent harm from happening in the first place than it is to respond after the fact. For this reason, organisations should focus on implementing strong safeguards rather than relying solely on protections.
In health and social care, safeguarding is everyone’s responsibility, and it is important that everyone is aware of the measures they can take to keep people safe. We must be proactive in our efforts to safeguard and protect others, as this can help to prevent serious harm from occurring. We also need to be aware of the signs that someone may be at risk of harm so we can take action to help them.
The two concepts are different, but they are both important for keeping people safe. It is important that organisations recognise the importance of both safeguarding and protection and take steps to implement measures in both areas.
2. Information about the legislative framework for safeguarding vulnerable individuals in health and social care
The safeguarding of vulnerable individuals has been high on the political agenda in recent years, with a number of high-profile cases bringing the issue into the public eye. In response to this, the government has introduced a number of pieces of legislation aimed at protecting vulnerable people in health and social care settings.
The most significant of these is the Care Act 2014, which sets out a legal framework for safeguarding adults at risk of abuse or neglect. The Act introduces a number of new safeguards, including compulsory reporting by certain professionals if they believe that an adult is being abused or neglected. It also establishes statutory guidance on safeguarding procedures and creates new offences relating to the ill-treatment or wilful neglect of vulnerable adults.
Other important legislation includes the Mental Capacity Act 2005, which provides protections for individuals who lack the mental capacity to make decisions about their own care and welfare, and the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006, which requires background checks for those working with children or other vulnerable groups. The Vetting and Barring Scheme (2006) was introduced as part of the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006. The Scheme requires all adults who work with vulnerable groups, including children and adults at risk, to undergo background checks by the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS).
Our Care, Our Say (2006) and No Secrets (2000) are two important pieces of guidance that set out good practices for safeguarding vulnerable adults and children, respectively. The government has also established a number of statutory bodies with a role in safeguarding, such as the Care Quality Commission and Ofsted. These organisations have a duty to inspect care services and make sure they meet essential standards, including those relating to safeguarding.
Local safeguarding Adults Boards (LSABs) are another key part of the safeguarding system. These are multi-agency partnerships that bring together different organisations (such as the police, local authority and health services) to coordinate action on safeguarding adults at risk. There is also a National Safeguarding Adults Helpline, which provides advice and support to professionals and members of the public who have concerns about an adult at risk.
3. An analysis of how serious case reviews have influenced safeguarding and protection. Explain the action to be taken in the event of suspected or actual abuse
The most notable serious case reviews in recent years are undoubtedly Winterbourne View Hospital, Orchid View and The Francis Report. Each of these has had a significant impact on safeguarding and protection, both in terms of policy and practice.
Winterbourne View Hospital was an acute psychiatric facility near Bristol that was exposed by the BBC’s Panorama programme in 2011. The programme showed footage of staff mistreating and abusing patients with learning disabilities or mental health problems. This led to a public outcry and an immediate investigation by the police and social services. As a result of this scandal, numerous changes were made to policy and practice surrounding the care of vulnerable adults in hospitals. For example, the government introduced strict new regulations around the use of physical restraint on patients, as well as increased oversight of private healthcare providers like Winterbourne View hospital.
Orchid View was another care home for vulnerable adults that hit the headlines for all the wrong reasons in 2011. An undercover reporter from The Sunday Times newspaper found evidence of widespread neglect and abuse at Orchid view, leading to its closure shortly afterwards. Like with Winterbourne View hospital, this case resulted in increased regulation around care homes as well as greater scrutiny from authorities such as the Care Quality Commission.
Finally, The Francis Report into failings at Mid-Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust highlighted systemic issues with patient safety across many NHS hospitals during 2009-10. In response to this report, which made 290 recommendations for change, various measures were put into place aimed at improving patient safety across all NHS trusts. These included more rigorous vetting procedures for new members of staff, improved training around infection control, and better communication between different departments within hospitals.
In the event of suspected or actual abuse, health and social care workers should always follow their organisation’s safeguarding policy. This will usually involve reporting the incident to a designated safeguarding lead, who will then decide on the appropriate course of action. This could involve involving external agencies such as the police or social services, or it may be dealt with internally by the health and social care organisation itself. In a case where the management of an organisation is suspected of being complicit in the abuse, it may be necessary to report this to a regulatory body such as the CQC.
Confidentiality is also an important consideration when safeguarding and protecting vulnerable adults. In some cases, it may be necessary to share information with other agencies in order to protect the individual from harm. However, care should always be taken to only share information that is absolutely necessary and with individuals who have a legitimate need to know it. This is particularly important when working with vulnerable adults, as they may be at increased risk of harm if their confidential information is shared without their consent or knowledge.
4. An analysis of how service provision supports individuals to take risks and make informed choices.
It is widely accepted that individuals who use services have the right to take risks. This includes the right to make informed choices about their lives, even when those choices may be seen as risky by others. Of course, this does not mean that service providers should simply allow clients to do whatever they want without any regard for their safety or well-being. Risk assessment and management are essential components of safeguarding in any setting, and service providers must strike a balance between supporting clients’ rights and protecting them from harm.
There are many ways in which service providers can support individuals to take risks and make informed choices in relation to safeguarding. One of the most important things that providers can do is educate clients about different types of risks and how they can be managed effectively. Providers should also create an environment where clients feel comfortable discussing their own personal risk factors and concerns. Open communication is key to helping individuals make informed decisions about taking risks; if someone doesn’t feel comfortable talking about something with their provider, they’re likely not going to feel comfortable taking a risk on it either.
Service provision should also promote independence wherever possible. Encouraging client autonomy helps people develop confidence in their ability to make decisions for themselves, including potentially risky ones. It’s important that people have opportunities to practice making decisions within a safe framework so that they can learn how best to manage different types of risk. Also, service provision should always aim to empower individuals by providing information, resources, and support so that they can make informed choices about what actions to take in order to protect themselves from harm.
Additionally, service providers need to be aware of the potential risks involved in any situation and have systems and procedures in place to minimise them. Risk management should be an ongoing process, not something that is only done when an incident occurs. By being proactive about risk management, service providers can help create a culture of safety within their organisation, which will ultimately benefit everyone involved.
In conclusion, service provision has a vital role to play in supporting individuals to take risks and make informed choices in relation to safeguarding. Through education, open communication, independence-promoting practices, and effective risk management, service providers can help keep people safe while also respecting their rights and empowering them to make decisions for themselves.
5. Information on signs and symptoms of abuse
There are different kinds of abuse, and each has its own signs and symptoms. It is important to be aware of these so that you can identify abuse if it occurs.
Physical abuse: Physical abuse is abuse that results in physical harm to the victim. This can include hitting, slapping, kicking, burning or using a weapon against the victim. Also included in this category is shaking a baby or young child, which can cause serious brain damage, paralysis, or even death. Signs of physical abuse may include bruises, cuts or other marks on the body, broken bones, internal injuries, and fearfulness. Other signs include avoidance of eye contact, a change in eating habits, bed-wetting in children, and regression to younger behaviours.
Emotional abuse: Emotional abuse is any kind of abusive behaviour that targets the emotional well-being of another person. It can involve anything from verbal harassment and threats to withholding love and affection. Emotional abuse can also involve making someone feel worthless or dependent, controlling what they do or who they see as well as forcing them into unwanted sexual activity through coercion or manipulation. The signs of emotional abuse may include changes in mood (such as becoming withdrawn), anxiety, fearfulness, depression, feelings of sadness or worthlessness and suicidal thoughts.
Sexual abuse: Sexual abuse is any form of sexual contact that is forced upon someone without their consent. This includes rape, incest, child molestation, sexual harassment, voyeurism and exhibitionism. The signs of sexual abuse may include sexually transmitted infections, bruising around the genital area, difficulty walking/sitting, disorientation, flashbacks and nightmares.
Institutional Abuse: Institutional abuse signify misconduct by an organisation toward individuals confined within its facilities—including nursing homes, shelters, group homes, and children’s institutions such as orphanages and boarding schools, prisons, asylums, and detention centres for undocumented immigrants. Signs and symptoms of institutional abuse include an organisational climate characterised by powerlessness, dehumanisation and fear, inadequate staffing levels and staff turnover, lack of programmatic focus on individual strengths or needs, arbitrary rules and regulations that are inconsistently enforced, provision of substandard care, and physical environment that is unsafe or unsuitable.
Financial Abuse: Financial abuse occurs when an abuser has control over the victim’s finances, preventing them from accessing or using their own money. This can include taking out loans in the victim’s name, withholding money for basic needs such as food and shelter, and controlling all aspects of budgeting and spending. Signs of financial abuse may include changes in spending patterns (such as a sudden decrease in purchases), being prevented from working or going to school, not having access to bank accounts, credit cards, and financial documents, and suddenly finding oneself with large amounts of debt.
Discriminatory Abuse: Discriminatory abuse occurs when an individual is subjected to mistreatment because of their race, ethnicity, national origin, age, religion, disability, gender identity or sexuality. Examples of discriminatory abuse might include verbal harassment, physical assaults, damage to property and denying someone access to services or employment because of their protected characteristic. The signs of discriminatory abuse may include physical injuries, fearfulness, changes in behaviour (such as becoming withdrawn), feeling isolated and low self-esteem.
Neglect: Neglect is the failure to provide for the basic needs of another person. This can include food, shelter, clothing, medical care or supervision. It can also involve failing to provide adequate protection from danger or neglecting emotional needs such as affection and companionship. Signs of neglect may include being malnourished, dehydrated, underweight, having poor personal hygiene, untreated health problems, inadequate supervision, unsanitary living conditions, abandonment, and exhibiting behaviours associated with developmental delays (in children).
6. Measures to be taken to avoid abuse taking place
Abuse can take many forms, but all involve someone using power and control over another person. If you’re worried that abuse might be happening in your workplace or community, there are some things you can do to help prevent it from continuing.
The first step is to create an environment in which abuse isn’t tolerated. This means being open about what’s happening and insisting on basic standards of respect from everyone involved. It also means ensuring that victims feel comfortable coming forward with their stories, no matter how embarrassing or uncomfortable they may be.
If someone is abusing their power, they need to know that there are consequences for doing so – both for the abuser themselves and for anyone who helps them carry out their crimes (e.g., co-workers or friends). Make sure your complaints procedure is as clear as possible, so everyone knows what needs to happen if something goes wrong: complainants should be able to easily find contact information for relevant employees; confidentiality should always be respected; investigations should be prompt and thorough; decisions made quickly and fairly ought not to require appeal proceedings etc.). Letting people know exactly where they can go when things get tough will help discourage them from resorting to abuse in the first place!
Everyone involved in an abusive situation – from victims to witnesses to abusers themselves – needs proper training in adult protection so that they know how to deal safely and responsibly with situations like this. This includes learning about healthy relationships, recognising red flags, and knowing how (and where) to go for help if things get out of control. Staff should also be made aware of your organisation’s policy on abuse reporting so that they are sure whether or not it’s safe for them to speak up about what’s happening around them.
If everyone understands that abusing their position will have consequences, hopefully, abuses won’t continue as long as they do in the first place! Creating a climate where people feel comfortable speaking up about anything – no matter how big or small – is key towards preventing abuse from taking hold in the first place.
It can be tough to stand up to abuse, but it’s essential that we do everything we can to protect our communities and workplaces from the devastating effects of sexual violence. By following these simple steps, you’ll help make sure that any incidents of abuse are dealt with swiftly and fairly – without any need for further victims or witnesses!
7. Practice that maintains the safety and protection of vulnerable individuals (resource)
Several practices help to maintain the safety and protection of vulnerable individuals. One important policy is safeguarding, which aims to protect people from harm, abuse, and exploitation. Safeguarding measures include risk assessments, induction procedures for new staff members, training and development (CPD) opportunities for existing staff members, equal opportunities policies, and recruitment procedures that consider an individual’s suitability for working with vulnerable groups.
Risk assessments help identify potential risks to the safety of vulnerable individuals in care settings. They should be carried out regularly so that any changes in risk factors can be quickly identified and dealt with appropriately.
Induction procedures ensure that new staff members are aware of safeguarding policies and know how to report any concerns they may have about the welfare of people in their care.
CPD provides staff with ongoing opportunities to update their skills and knowledge to effectively support vulnerable people throughout their lives.
Equal opportunity policies provide everyone with access to services regardless of race or ethnicity; this helps reduce discrimination against certain groups who may be more likely to experience abuse or exploitation due primarily due systemic inequalities within society at large.
Recruitment processes play an essential role in keeping people safe by making sure only those who are suitable for working with vulnerable groups are employed – e g by conducting criminal background checks as part of the selection criteria. Also, advertising roles that specifically state the need for experience working with vulnerable people can help to attract candidates who are more likely to have the necessary skills and training.
Task 2
Using a health and social care organisation of your choice, for example a care home, carry out an analysis and review of their approaches to partnership working. Your review should include:
1. An explanation of the agreed protocols for working in partnership
As with other health and social care settings, partnership working is a crucial part of the care home setting. Partnerships allow staff to provide better care for residents and make more efficient use of resources while also promoting social inclusion and reducing loneliness.
The agreed protocols for working in partnership at a care home involve establishing clear lines of communication between all involved parties, ensuring that everyone is aware of resident needs and rights, maintaining accurate records, and conducting regular reviews to ensure that the partnerships are meeting residents’ needs.
The local authority plays a significant role in terms of ensuring that the care home meets all regulatory requirements. The local authority also provides support and guidance on best practices for care homes. According to the Care Act 2014, the local authority often carries out regular reviews of the care home to ensure that they are providing safe and effective care.
Within the care home, the safeguarding officer is responsible for ensuring that all staff are aware of residents’ needs and rights, as well as maintaining accurate records. The safeguarding officer also conducts regular reviews to ensure that partnerships are meeting residents’ needs. In addition, the safeguarding officer liaises with the local authority, police, and NHS should any concerns arise about a resident.
The local Safeguarding Adult Board is responsible for safeguarding residents and ensuring that the care home operates within legal and regulatory requirements. The board is also saddled with the responsibility of liaising with the police and NHS should any concerns arise about a resident.
Local community members are an important part of care home partnerships, as they can provide support for residents who may be feeling isolated or lonely. In addition, community members also act as advocates for residents should any concerns arise about their care.
The voluntary sector is also vitally important in providing social activities and services that complement those offered by the care home. In the local community, members of the voluntary sector also provide support and advocacy for residents. In addition, the voluntary sector offers specialist services that the care home may not be able to provide, such as counselling or therapy.
The individual is also a key partner in the care home partnerships. The individual has the right to be involved in all decisions made about their care and safeguarding and is always consulted at every stage. In addition, the individual has the right to choose which services they receive and from whom they receive them.
Families and friends play an important role in care home partnerships, as they are often the primary source of support for residents. Family and friends provide practical assistance, such as help with shopping or laundry, emotional support, and financial assistance. In addition, families and friends also act as advocates for residents should any concerns arise about their care.
Medical professionals, GPs, and nurses play a vital role in care home partnerships. Medical professionals provide essential health services to residents and offer advice on how to best meet residents’ needs. In addition, medical professionals can also act as advocates for residents should any concerns arise about their care.
Safeguarding partnerships are crucial to the effective operation of care homes. By establishing and maintaining clear lines of communication, all involved parties can work together to ensure that residents receive the best possible care.
2. An evaluation of the importance of working in partnership with others in relation to safeguarding
In the selected care home, working in partnership is seen as essential to safeguarding residents. The local authority and the care home work together to ensure that all staff are aware of resident needs and rights, as well as maintain accurate records. In addition, regular reviews are conducted to ensure that partnerships meet residents’ needs. Furthermore, the safeguarding officer liaises with the local authority, police, and NHS should any concerns arise about a resident.
Staff at the care home see partnership working as essential to providing safe and effective care for residents. The importance of partnerships is highlighted by staff when they talk about their experiences caring for residents. In a particular case, a resident with dementia was admitted to the care home. The team worked closely with the local authority and NHS professionals to develop a care plan that would meet the resident’s needs. In addition, the staff also consulted with the resident’s family and friends to get their input on how best to support the individual. This close partnership working ensured that everyone involved understood the resident’s needs and rights, as well as how best to provide safe and effective care.
Residents also see partnership working as crucial to ensuring their safety and well-being while living in a care home setting. One particular case highlighted by residents involved a woman who had been admitted following an incident of domestic violence. The team at the care home worked closely with police, social services, medical professionals, and her family members so that they could put together a comprehensive care plan for her safety. Through this process, she felt supported by everyone involved in her case and felt confident that she was receiving high-quality care from all parties concerned. This example shows how important it is for all partners in safeguarding partnerships to work together collaboratively in order to ensure residents’ safety.
Families and friends play an important role in supporting residents through their stay in the care home. Family members often provide practical assistance, such as help with shopping or laundry, while friends offer emotional support and advocacy should any concerns arise about a resident’s safety or well-being. In addition, families are often asked to participate in reviews of the care home so that they can share their views on how things are going. This involvement shows families’ commitment to working in partnership with care homes and underscores its importance in safeguarding partnerships overall.
Overall, the importance of working in partnership with others is highlighted by staff and residents alike. Partnership working helps to ensure that care homes provide safe and effective care for their residents while also promoting social inclusion and reducing loneliness.
3. An assessment of the importance of the involvement of individuals in the review of systems and procedures in services
As seen in this case study, the importance of the involvement of individuals in reviews of systems and procedures is crucial to ensuring that care homes provide safe and effective care. In this particular instance, a review was conducted following an incident where a resident with dementia had gone missing from the care home. The team worked closely with the local authority and NHS professionals to develop a care plan that would meet the resident’s needs. In addition, the staff also consulted with the resident’s family and friends to get their input on how best to support the individual. This close partnership working ensured that everyone involved understood the resident’s needs and rights, as well as how best to provide safe and effective care.
Involving individuals in reviews helps ensure that all stakeholders are aware of potential risks so they can mitigate them before any harm occurs. Furthermore, getting input from different perspectives allows for more comprehensive risk assessments, leading to improved safety for residents. Also, when individuals feel like they are part of the review process, they are more likely to follow any changes that result from it. In this particular case, the involvement of the resident’s family and friends in the review ensured that they were kept up-to-date on all aspects of their loved one’s care. This level of transparency helps build trust between families and care homes, which is essential for safeguarding partnerships overall. Although every care home will differ in terms of the extent to which individuals are involved in reviews, involvement is seen as an important part of safeguarding partnerships.
While the importance of involving individuals in reviews of systems and procedures is clear, there are also some challenges that need to be considered. First, care homes need to ensure that they have the capacity to involve all stakeholders in the review process. This can be a challenge, especially for larger care homes with many residents. In addition, care homes need to be mindful of the fact that not all individuals will want to be involved in the review process. This could be due to personal preference or because they feel like they do not have the time or energy to participate. Care homes need to respect these wishes while also making sure that all residents have the opportunity to be involved if they so choose.
Also, individuals with learning disabilities or mental health needs may need extra support to participate in the review process. This is because they may not be able to communicate their thoughts and feelings in the same way as other individuals. Care homes need to make sure that they have adequate resources and support available to ensure that all residents can participate fully in the review process if they wish.
Overall, the involvement of individuals in reviews of systems and procedures is essential to safeguarding partnerships. By involving individuals in the review process, care homes can ensure that all stakeholders are aware of potential risks and that everyone has a chance to provide input on how best to mitigate them.
4. A review of a work setting’s procedures and practice against current legislation and policy in relation to safeguarding and protecting vulnerable individuals
In recent years, there has been an increase in reports of safeguarding and protection failures within work settings. This has led to concern amongst stakeholders about the safety and welfare of vulnerable individuals working within these environments. As a result, many work settings have reviewed their procedures and practices in relation to safeguarding and protecting vulnerable individuals. In this case study, we take a look at how this particular work setting undertook such a review.
One of the main contextual factors that influenced the review process undertaken by the work setting was the fact that there had been a number of safeguarding and protection failures within this environment. In addition, policymakers issued new guidance (The Care Act 2014) on safeguarding vulnerable individuals in 2014. As a result, it was necessary for the work setting to ensure that their procedures and practice met both current legislation and policy.
In order to undertake a thorough review of their system, procedure and practice relating to safeguarding vulnerable individuals, it was crucial for stakeholders to be involved in all stages of the process. This involvement ranged from providing feedback at early-stage meetings to contributing directly to finalised documents/reports. It was also crucial for stakeholders to have an opportunity to provide feedback on the review process itself before its release; this allowed them time to make necessary adjustments before the review began to have an impact.
Overall, the review process was successful in ensuring that all stakeholders were involved and that their views were heard. This helped to ensure that the work setting’s procedures and practice met both current legislation and policy, as well as service users’ expectations.
Currently, it can be said that the review process has had a positive impact on safeguarding and protection within the work setting, and practises are in line with the provisions of current legislation and policy. For example, the work setting has put in place new procedures for reporting safeguarding concerns, and they have also established a Safeguarding Board to oversee the implementation of these procedures. Furthermore, all employees have been given training on how to recognise and report safeguarding concerns. The review process has also led to improved communication between the work setting and external agencies such as the police and social services.
Despite these positive outcomes, it is essential to note that there is always room for improvement regarding safeguarding vulnerable individuals within work settings. While most of the practices and procedures align with current legislation, there are a few areas where further work is required. Specifically, service users with learning disabilities or mental health needs may need additional support to participate fully in safeguarding and protection processes. In addition, it would be beneficial to further investigate the impact of different types of communication (written, verbal and electronic) on safeguarding and protection within the work settings.
References
- “Explain the Importance of Sharing Information With the Relevant Agencies.” Explain the Importance of Sharing Information With the Relevant Agencies, activesocialcare.com/handbook/safeguarding-adults/explain-the-importance-of-sharing-information-with-the-relevant-agencies.
- Collier, Ellie. “Caldicott Principles | 7 Principles of Health Care.” The Hub | High Speed Training, 19 Apr. 2019, www.highspeedtraining.co.uk/hub/7-caldicott-principles.
- “Safeguarding Adults: Sharing Information | SCIE.” Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE), 1 Jan. 2019, www.scie.org.uk/safeguarding/adults/practice/sharing-information#:~:text=Confidentiality
- “Child Abuse – Symptoms and Causes.” Mayo Clinic, 19 May 2022, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/child-abuse/symptoms-causes/syc-20370864.
- Nazarko, Linda. “Safeguarding and Protection in Health and Social Care.” Nursing and Residential Care, vol. 13, no. 6, Mark Allen Group, June 2011, pp. 264–68. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.12968/nrec.2011.13.6.264.
- Collyer, Natalie, and Stephanie Whitehead. “Safeguarding and Confidentiality: Protecting Children and Young People.” British Journal of School Nursing, vol. 3, no. 6, Mark Allen Group, Oct. 2008, pp. 301–03. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.12968/bjsn.2008.3.6.31711.
- “NSPCC Learning Homepage – Safeguarding Training and Resources.” NSPCC Learning, learning.nspcc.org.uk.
- England, NHS. “NHS England &Raquo; About NHS England Safeguarding.” NHS England &Raquo; About NHS England Safeguarding, www.england.nhs.uk/safeguarding/about.
- “Safeguarding Policies and Procedures: Legislation to Consider | Skills Platform Blog.” Skills Platform Blog | Learn Something New, 14 Apr. 2021, www.skillsplatform.org/blog/planning-your-safeguarding-policies-and-procedures.
- “Why Is Confidentiality Important in Safeguarding | ipl.org.” Why Is Confidentiality Important in Safeguarding | ipl.org, www.ipl.org/essay/Why-Is-Confidentiality-Important-In-Safeguarding-PJR58H4NAU
- “Information Sharing and Confidentiality – Manchester Adult Policies, Procedures and Practice Portal.” 8.2 Information Sharing and Confidentiality – Manchester Adult Policies, Procedures and Practice Portal, www.manchesterappp.co.uk/information-sharing-and-confidentiality.
- “Writing Safeguarding Policies and Procedures | NSPCC Learning.” NSPCC Learning, 28 Feb. 2022, learning.nspcc.org.uk/safeguarding-child-protection/writing-a-safeguarding-policy-statement.
