1.1 Describe the following types of mental ill health according to the psychiatric (DSM/ICD) classification system:
- Mood Disorders
- Personality Disorders
- Anxiety Disorders
- Psychotic disorders
- Substance-related disorders
- Eating disorders
- Cognitive disorders
a. Mood disorders, also called affective disorders, are a group of mental health conditions that are marked by persistent and abnormal changes in mood. Major depression, which is characterised by feelings of sadness, loss of interest, and changes in appetite and sleep, and bipolar disorder, which is characterised by periods of alternating mania and depression, are examples of mood disorders.
b. Personality disorders are a group of mental health conditions that cause people to think, feel, and act in ways that are different from what people in their culture expect. Some examples of personality disorders are borderline personality disorder, which is indicated by intense and unstable relationships and a fear of being left alone, and narcissistic personality disorder, which is marked by a sense of entitlement, a lack of empathy, and a need for admiration.
c. A group of mental health conditions known as anxiety disorders are associated with excessive fear, worry, and anxiety. Generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and phobias are a few examples of anxiety disorders. Usually, medications and therapies like cognitive-behavioural therapy are used to treat these disorders.
d. Disturbances in thought, perception, and behaviour are hallmarks of the group of mental health conditions known as psychotic disorders. Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and delusional disorder are a few examples of psychotic disorders. Medication and therapy, such as cognitive-behavioural therapy or family therapy, are frequently used to treat these disorders.
e. Substance-related disorders are a group of mental health conditions that are caused or worsened by the use of substances such as alcohol and drugs. Substance-related disorders include alcohol use disorder, drug addiction, and drug-induced psychosis. These disorders are typically treated with a combination of medication, therapy, and support from family and friends.
f. Abnormal eating habits and an unhealthy preoccupation with appearance are signs of mental health conditions known as eating disorders. Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder are a few examples of eating disorders. Usually, a combination of medication, therapy, and help from family and friends is used to treat these disorders.
g. Cognitive disorders, also known as neurocognitive disorders, are a group of mental health conditions categorised by impairments in cognitive function, such as memory, attention, and problem-solving. Examples of cognitive disorders include dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and traumatic brain injury. These disorders are typically treated with a combination of medication, therapy, and support from family and friends.
Other answers in the full document:
- 1.2 Explain the key strengths and limitations of the psychiatric classification system
- 1.3 Explain alternative frameworks for understanding mental distress
- 1.4 Explain indicators of mental ill health 2.1 Explain how individuals experience discrimination
- 2.2 Explain the effects mental ill health may have on an individual
- 2.3 Explain the effects mental ill health may have on those in the individual’s familial, social or work network
- 2.4 Explain how to intervene to promote an individual’s mental health and well-Being