Infancy: Infants develop gross motor skills such as sitting up, crawling, and walking, while fine motor skills include grasping small objects with their hands. These movements help develop infants’ cognitive abilities and socialisation from birth onward (Berk, 2013).

Childhood: Physical development is further enhanced at this age with increased muscle coordination, allowing them to better control their bodies during activities like running and jumping (CDC 2020). As children become more active, they can also use toys meaningfully, which helps promote imaginative play and intellectual growth.

Adolescence: During adolescence, physical development comes into full swing, and changes accompanying puberty can cause mental health issues due to hormonal imbalances or fluctuations in self-esteem, depending on individual experience (Haller & Hjemdahl, 2019).

Early adulthood: This stage focuses primarily on physical maintenance, where individuals continue healthy exercise habits while managing potential new medical risks associated with aging (Mehta et al., 2017).

Middle/Late adulthood: At this point in life, physical deterioration occurs, meaning older adults need more support than ever before to maintain a reasonable quality of life while being aware of any coexisting conditions that may be affected by functional limitations (Abbasi, 2019).

Intellectual Development:

Infancy: During this stage, infants are exposed to language and other sensory information that allows them to begin identifying sounds, words, and objects. They also develop problem-solving skills as they explore their environment (Kopp & Krakow, 2012).

Childhood: This is a time of rapid intellectual development where children learn new concepts quickly, such as math or reading, with increasing difficulty. Basic cognitive processes like memory formation continue, along with socialisation skills that become more advanced than in previous stages (Piaget, 2002).

Adolescence: At this age, teens start making sense of the world using abstract thinking to apply logical reasoning to topics ranging from religion to politics. As experimentation increases, adolescents must be aware of the potential risks involved when engaging in certain activities for educational purposes so that not all exploration has negative consequences (Harris et al., 2019).

Early adulthood: Mental growth continues at an elevated pace during early adulthood, wherein individuals take on more responsibilities like budgeting finances, organising plans based on educational paths, etc. This can cause internal conflict due to trying to make decisions under pressure while managing multiple commitments (Steinberg, 2018). Study materials and AI study tools on mawcloud.com

Middle/Late adulthood: Individuals reach senior status by middle age, whereby emotions tend to override logic, but physical limitations may not prevent them from learning something new with appropriate support. Higher-order cognitive functions such as creativity, reflection, and problem-solving become the primary focus of intellectual development at this point (Lövdén et al., 2011).

Emotional Development:

Infancy: Babies begin to understand emotional cues between 4-7 months old when they recognise certain expressions like happiness or sadness, responding accordingly (Kopp & Krakow, 2012).

Childhood: As children get older, their ability to express emotions becomes more sophisticated, enabling them to start making connections between cause and effect on a deeper level than before (Gross, 2015).

Adolescence: This stage is characterised by intense emotional turmoil due in part to hormonal changes but mostly because teens are no longer sure about who they are. Thus, adolescents learn how to manage strong feelings ranging from anger to joy without impulsivity, which can lead to poor decisions down the line (Weissbourd, 2013).

Early adulthood: Moving into early adulthood, individuals must figure out ways of coping under pressure without resorting to negative behaviours. Hence, these years come